What determines the fertility of the soil or how...

What determines the fertility of the soil or how to care for the soil in the country
"The bottom is a living organism, in which existence must ceaselessly worry."And the more microbes, bugs, worms in it, the higher its property, the better it grows garden orchard crops. The hosts sometimes do not quite understand which bottom is considered healthy and green. They carry huge amounts of chemical fertilizers, believing which make a better property of the earth. In fact, these fertilizing only affect plants, although they do not seem to contribute to the restoration of soil fertility. In this case, it happens that the fertilizers introduced are without cause and remain in the soil, not being assimilated by the plants, since the depleted soil did not activate them, did not turn them into a comfortable shape for absorption. We will examine,
In order for plants to live in the earth perfectly, it must have moisture, oxygen and abundant nutrients. In addition, the bottom should be well warmed up and own normal acidity. Tokmo is the presence of only this in the earth rather existence - the excess of the necessary microbes, helping plants to be perfectly fed. In order for the dacha to meet all the above requirements, you need to work hard. Therefore, let's start ...

Aqua balance: not dry and not wet
In most cases, dachas come across lands for which water either stagnates, or leaves, sort of through the fingers. A couple of options for the sake of plants - a sure demise.
If you do not get lucky, and for a clay site or a low room, then the water in the soil is fairly non-stop. The only way out for the lowlands is to deceive the drainage. For this reason, a three-meter strip, half a meter in width, is drilled along the fence, a depth of one meter. Throughout the years they throw there a complete construction waste and pebbles that they found in the garden, and if they reach the level of the grass layer (near 40 cm), then fill it with soil removed from the next 3 meters. As the first trench is buried, next to it, a second is excavated along the fence. And for no reason - until the full part is passed. The whole thing will take about a season, but you will always get rid of excess water in the soil. For the bottom of the trench is laid out every construction waste: broken bricks, stones, part of the blocks, and the top is filled with a cereal bottom for which vegetables will grow.
Pulling the aerator for the leg, you can do better air intake in the flower gardens, which are seated with perennials and not subject to digging
A useful tool is an aerator (or punch). It was done to correct the ventilation for lawns. The iron bars attached from the rear side pierce the high earth discharge and make the road for the sake of air penetration deep into the interior. By such an adaptation it is perfect to correct the aeration of flower beds that are not digested for the winter.
The heat of the earth: not cold and not hot
The temperature of the earth should be regulated by the owners themselves. The more gloomy the paint of the earth, the stronger it gets warmer. Not every formation loves hot land, hence it is determined before, which and where it is sufficient to grow, and then, beginning with the weather, begin to regulate the thermal order. Grass-grown beds grow colder than others for 2-3 degrees and protect roots of plants through overheating and weeds.
Increases temperature:
product combs
mulching peat or dark earth
lining of dark non-woven fabric with slots for seedlings
weeding.
Lowers temperature:
полив;
рыхление;
mulch from sawdust or grass
Snow-white non-woven fabric.
Acidity of the earth: achieve pH 5.5
According to the measure of use, the soil is evenly acidified. The rare plant is able to settle in an acidic soil. Most prefer a weakly acidic earth, the acidity index of which is 5.5. Therefore, in the yearly upbringing, liming must come from the soil.

For the sake of the beginning it is necessary to find how the soil is acidic. It is more convenient to collect according to a handful of soil from various parts of the site and take it to a special laboratory. However, if it is not, then the approximate acidity can be ascertained with the help of a simple operation: spread out the soil from several parts of the plot in accordance with the piles and top up with vinegar. If your piles began to"boil"with the release of air bubbles - the soil is normal. If there was no reaction, it was sour. If you poured vinegar for the land, and air bubbles began to appear for it, probably the acidity of the earth is ordinary
Why you need to get rid of acidification:
Sour lands in the spring endlessly dry, and for the heat are crusted.
Useful bacteria do not live in them
Acid binds phosphorus fertilizers, not allowing them to be absorbed into plants.
Acid keeps heavy metals in the soil.
To remove acidification, it is necessary to buy lime, to extinguish it with water (for 50 kg - 2 buckets of water) and to shed the earth before the autumn digging. Or bring in the spring, before plowing the earth. If for the package with lime is written"slaked", it is likely to be allowed to write at once to the soil, moderately sprinkling in accordance with beds
It is permissible to disperse the lime in the form of a powder, but before this let it lie for about a week for the open air, so that it is extinguished due to air water. For this, it's enough to separate the film part and throw it open to the street.
Approximately the share of lime is 500 g for clay soil, 300 g for sand. If the precise stage of acidification is not determined, it is better to write lime in small doses and see because of weeds. As the plantain and horsetail disappeared from the beds - the acidity became neutral.
Existence in the Land: Are the Bacteria Live?
If all of the above procedures have been carried out without the above - the beneficial bacteria themselves will appear in your soil, because you have made all the conditions for their free life. And yet, check how they are active. For this, bury some filter paper at several points in the plot, and dig out a month and a half later and look at its goodness.
If it is practically decayed - existence in the earth is boiling!
If it"melted"partly in part - probably, the activity is average, and organic fertilizers need to be introduced.
If the leaf has actually remained intact - it's time to write nitrogen and organic fertilizers, and also let the soil calm down. You probably planted the same culture for a couple of seasons, creating the base for the reproduction of harmful bacteria. They ruined the necessary biomaterial.
It is necessary to change the number of vegetables for beds in a separate year, so that the bottom is not fatigued through the products of a single culture.