We select a room for the well
The property and number of groundwater is the determining factor for the site of the site for the well. About the book, like to find places with the best water, we have already written, therefore we will again consider quite a few moments that should be taken into account.
It is allowed to dig a well just past through various sources of domestic pollution entering the soil. Those. through the toilet, places for walking animals and manure piles should exist more than 30 meters.
If you have an independent gutter that does not have a bottom, then you'll have to recycle it, making it completely sealed (or better to put the factory plastic capacity!), or to abandon the construction of all the wells yourself. Groundwater will certainly carry household drains into the key, and your water is not quite uneventful, but also fetid and dangerous.
In order to avoid the occurrence of run-off through neighbors, it is better to arrange a well for the highest location, much in accordance with physical laws, no liquid will flow.
If you keep animals (cow, pigs, etc.) that need to drink daily, then arrange a well approximately for an equal distance between the house and the sheds. For the sake of household needs, the wells are put closer to the house (but not closely, but at least 5 meters long through the buildings).
Before starting to operate well, wait for the suitable season, i.e. Illuminate or winter, if the groundwater is for the greatest depth. If you start work in the spring, then in the earth at this time it is time that there are so many vaudeville, which in 90% of cases you will get to it. Here in the summer your well quite dry ceaselessly. Shaft or tubular well: which is better?
There are two types of wells: mine and tubular. Tubulars were usually placed according to fairly small pieces for the village. They were called columns, and water was extracted from the depth by a hand pump. A tubular well is put in places where the water is shallow, it is created vividly, however! They do not dig it, they drill it. Accordingly, there is a need for drilling. Tubular well without special equipment is impossible to do
We are considering a simple artless method, like performing a well, and probably a tubular one will not work for us. A well can build even a single face
There remains the only variation - a mine, who digs an ordinary shovel, which is available to every owner. It is normal for the personal sector view of the well, since it is easier to do it on its own.
Like a well of mine type arranged?
Knowing the structure of the mine well, it's easier to make it with your own hands. The design distinguishes three main parts:
The water intake is the lowest part used to collect and filter water.
The trunk - the entire underground structure above the water intake. It does not let the soil fall and does not let in the vestibule, keeping the property of water.
The headline is a permanent, which is placed outside, above the ground. It does not allow the dust particles to enter the water, the debris, and protects it through freezing in winter.
Apart from the main parts, additional ones are needed, by which we raise the water upward. This is the gate, the mountain, the weather.
Getting ready for kopke: studying TB
Inexperienced masters often forget the relative simple rules of safety, failure of which can put near the danger of the health of the person working in the mine. Let's remind them, in order to avoid injuries.
The digger must have a protective helmet for the head. If the weather gets lost by the assistant, it will help to avoid injury.
Buckets with soil are raised for thick ropes, the rings are lowered with ropes.
The mines of the mine above 6 meters for the bucket are fixed with 2 ropes: basic and safety.
For the sake of insurance through ground movements, the digger must be tied with a rope, the second end of which is firmly fixed to something strong for the surface.
If the mine leaves the deepest, it is surely from time to time inspect whether there is any gas contamination. For this, a candle is set on fire. If it is quenched, it is likely that the gas is abundant, and it is necessary to weather it. For this they climb out of the mine, tie a huge blanket to the rope and drop it a couple of times before the bottom and back. Usually, gases along with the blanket are rising upward. Then it is allowed to lower again, check the property of the air with a candle and continue working. If the gases do not come out, you'll have to find a fan and exclude it down.
The sequence of excavating the underground part
In the old days the trunks were woody. Now it's easier to perform the stem share from the ready-made concrete rings only. However, be the right size to be ordered. Once we do not use the technique, then each ring will have to be lifted, rolled up, and being of huge dimensions is quite unrealistic. The best height of the ring is 25 cm. The diameter of the inner walls should be more than a meter, if it is rather cramped and embarrassing to dig. To reduce the load for the hand, find the winch or tripod. With her help and extra land is easier to take, and it is easier to manage rings. The tripod will avoid the unnecessary burden of lowering the concrete rings
We'll see how to build a well with our own hands, using ready-made rings.
Knot trunk and runout
The schedule of work is as follows:
Digging with a shovel, which has a small stalk, since it is easier to manage with it in a narrow space.
Deeper into the ground for half a meter, put the first ring. He is pulled up by a winch, sent as if for a mine and lowered. With its weight, the concrete is fairly evenly sinking deeper and deeper. It is even allowed to jump for it, in order to be heated faster.
After excavating again 0.25 meters, lay the next ring, etc., until they reach the aquifer. Rings are trying to evaluate is supposedly denser, and so that they do not move to the side, fix the well-wisher to the friend with metal staples. If you are deepened for half a meter - it's time to roll up the first concrete ring
Rings should occupy strictly according to the vertical, hence each installation is inspected with a plumb line
Such an approach before the water digs up near 5 days. Proudly! There is another variation of the digging knife: the beginning is digging the shaft, and later they lower the rings without a break. Without practice, this method can not be extracted, as it is a great danger to collapse the soil, and this can be a catastrophe for the man in the mine. To be such a digging method to eat the possibility of collapse of the upper layer of the earth
Refinement of the water intake
Dug in front of the aquifer, you'll see, like a uniformly the bottom will begin to fill with muddy water. In order to have it, a bottom filter must be made.
For this:
Pump out all the turbid liquid.
Dig down the bottom for a depth of 15 cm and level it, and the puddle is removed for appearance.
The bottom is covered with a 25-centimeter layer of unspoiled river sand.
A small gravel or gravel (20 cm) is scattered overhead
The last place is the discharge of large gravel (20 cm).
Crushed stone and gravel must exist in advance washed with a weak substance of bleach.
If the water comes alive, and the bottom instantly swims, then first lay the flooring of the boards with slots, and for him, go to sleep without filter layers.
Waterproofing the walls of the well
Internal waterproofing
Then they built an underground part of the well, you need to perform waterproofing of the walls. For this purpose, use a paste of PVA glue and cement, stirring them before obtaining a homogeneous mass. It is sealed by seams between rings. In order to better seep the amount, before the brush is smeared with watery substance without any joints, and then a more dense mass is applied with a spatula. It is permissible to bribe the finished waterproofing quantity or liquid glass. To seal the seams do not forget about the small cracks and pits, which in the water vividly destroy concrete
Reverence! Do not use mastics to smash the bitumen in order to smooth the seams, if you damage the taste of water. External waterproofing
In order to protect water from falling rain or melt water through the soil, according to the outer edge of the upper rings (1.5 - 2 meters) leave a trench half a meter wide, which is tightly packed with clay. Having reached the level of the earth, the clay palace is made with a slope in order to lead the precipitation through the wells. However, it is better to concretize the area over the clay. The clay palace will not let all the water from the ground surface into the mine
Some owners protect the upper rings with the same polyethylene film, wrapping it with external walls and fixing it with waterproof glue. Closing the outer walls of the rings with polyethylene, you will increase the height of the waterproofing of the well
Then the creation of the underground part of the well, the water in the course of 2-3 weeks is often pumped out, using for household needs. During this period the well will be cleaned, however, it is not worth swallowing it, until it is put in the laboratory for decomposition. Tokmo then conclusions about the safety of water can be extracted for the sake of drinking. Pumping turbid water is carried out by pumps in the course of 2 weeks
Well outside: upgrading the head
Apart from an impartial duty to protect water through debris, the head also makes an aesthetic function, hence its design is very different. It seems you come up with it - it depends only on the size of the fantasy. It's easier to just put the same concrete rings, having encased them from the outside with an artificial stone, plastering or covering with a bar. The design of the head is usually selected to the terrain of the site
However, you must eat incomparable moments that you should not miss:
Make a roof with a huge overhang in order to keep the water clean.
For the door in the roof, hang up the palace so that the inquisitive kids do not look in.
The gate, for who winds up the mountain with a bucket, must have O 20 cm and more.
If you insert the axes and the handle into the gate, then you need to install 2 washers through the handles, and one from the back side. They will not allow the gate to move and the building of the lifting parts will grow for a long time. Washers for both iron axes of the gate will save the design through displacements
And now, if you have sorted it out, it seems like a well is being properly made, it is allowed to try out the bait of knowledge in fact, and to a Happy New Year to amuse your relatives with savory water from your own source.
There are two types of wells: mine and tubular. Tubulars were usually placed according to fairly small pieces for the village. They were called columns, and water was extracted from the depth by a hand pump. A tubular well is put in places where the water is shallow, it is created vividly, however! They do not dig it, they drill it. Accordingly, there is a need for drilling. Tubular well without special equipment is impossible to do
We are considering a simple artless method, like performing a well, and probably a tubular one will not work for us. A well can build even a single face
There remains the only variation - a mine, who digs an ordinary shovel, which is available to every owner. It is normal for the personal sector view of the well, since it is easier to do it on its own.
Like a well of mine type arranged?
Knowing the structure of the mine well, it's easier to make it with your own hands. The design distinguishes three main parts:
The water intake is the lowest part used to collect and filter water.
The trunk - the entire underground structure above the water intake. It does not let the soil fall and does not let in the vestibule, keeping the property of water.
The headline is a permanent, which is placed outside, above the ground. It does not allow the dust particles to enter the water, the debris, and protects it through freezing in winter.
Apart from the main parts, additional ones are needed, by which we raise the water upward. This is the gate, the mountain, the weather.
Getting ready for kopke: studying TB
Inexperienced masters often forget the relative simple rules of safety, failure of which can put near the danger of the health of the person working in the mine. Let's remind them, in order to avoid injuries.
The digger must have a protective helmet for the head. If the weather gets lost by the assistant, it will help to avoid injury.
Buckets with soil are raised for thick ropes, the rings are lowered with ropes.
The mines of the mine above 6 meters for the bucket are fixed with 2 ropes: basic and safety.
For the sake of insurance through ground movements, the digger must be tied with a rope, the second end of which is firmly fixed to something strong for the surface.
If the mine leaves the deepest, it is surely from time to time inspect whether there is any gas contamination. For this, a candle is set on fire. If it is quenched, it is likely that the gas is abundant, and it is necessary to weather it. For this they climb out of the mine, tie a huge blanket to the rope and drop it a couple of times before the bottom and back. Usually, gases along with the blanket are rising upward. Then it is allowed to lower again, check the property of the air with a candle and continue working. If the gases do not come out, you'll have to find a fan and exclude it down.
The sequence of excavating the underground part
In the old days the trunks were woody. Now it's easier to perform the stem share from the ready-made concrete rings only. However, be the right size to be ordered. Once we do not use the technique, then each ring will have to be lifted, rolled up, and being of huge dimensions is quite unrealistic. The best height of the ring is 25 cm. The diameter of the inner walls should be more than a meter, if it is rather cramped and embarrassing to dig. To reduce the load for the hand, find the winch or tripod. With her help and extra land is easier to take, and it is easier to manage rings. The tripod will avoid the unnecessary burden of lowering the concrete rings
We'll see how to build a well with our own hands, using ready-made rings.
Knot trunk and runout
The schedule of work is as follows:
Digging with a shovel, which has a small stalk, since it is easier to manage with it in a narrow space.
Deeper into the ground for half a meter, put the first ring. He is pulled up by a winch, sent as if for a mine and lowered. With its weight, the concrete is fairly evenly sinking deeper and deeper. It is even allowed to jump for it, in order to be heated faster.
After excavating again 0.25 meters, lay the next ring, etc., until they reach the aquifer. Rings are trying to evaluate is supposedly denser, and so that they do not move to the side, fix the well-wisher to the friend with metal staples. If you are deepened for half a meter - it's time to roll up the first concrete ring
Rings should occupy strictly according to the vertical, hence each installation is inspected with a plumb line
Such an approach before the water digs up near 5 days. Proudly! There is another variation of the digging knife: the beginning is digging the shaft, and later they lower the rings without a break. Without practice, this method can not be extracted, as it is a great danger to collapse the soil, and this can be a catastrophe for the man in the mine. To be such a digging method to eat the possibility of collapse of the upper layer of the earth
Refinement of the water intake
Dug in front of the aquifer, you'll see, like a uniformly the bottom will begin to fill with muddy water. In order to have it, a bottom filter must be made.
For this:
Pump out all the turbid liquid.
Dig down the bottom for a depth of 15 cm and level it, and the puddle is removed for appearance.
The bottom is covered with a 25-centimeter layer of unspoiled river sand.
A small gravel or gravel (20 cm) is scattered overhead
The last place is the discharge of large gravel (20 cm).
Crushed stone and gravel must exist in advance washed with a weak substance of bleach.
If the water comes alive, and the bottom instantly swims, then first lay the flooring of the boards with slots, and for him, go to sleep without filter layers.
Waterproofing the walls of the well
Internal waterproofing
Then they built an underground part of the well, you need to perform waterproofing of the walls. For this purpose, use a paste of PVA glue and cement, stirring them before obtaining a homogeneous mass. It is sealed by seams between rings. In order to better seep the amount, before the brush is smeared with watery substance without any joints, and then a more dense mass is applied with a spatula. It is permissible to bribe the finished waterproofing quantity or liquid glass. To seal the seams do not forget about the small cracks and pits, which in the water vividly destroy concrete
Reverence! Do not use mastics to smash the bitumen in order to smooth the seams, if you damage the taste of water. External waterproofing
In order to protect water from falling rain or melt water through the soil, according to the outer edge of the upper rings (1.5 - 2 meters) leave a trench half a meter wide, which is tightly packed with clay. Having reached the level of the earth, the clay palace is made with a slope in order to lead the precipitation through the wells. However, it is better to concretize the area over the clay. The clay palace will not let all the water from the ground surface into the mine
Some owners protect the upper rings with the same polyethylene film, wrapping it with external walls and fixing it with waterproof glue. Closing the outer walls of the rings with polyethylene, you will increase the height of the waterproofing of the well
Then the creation of the underground part of the well, the water in the course of 2-3 weeks is often pumped out, using for household needs. During this period the well will be cleaned, however, it is not worth swallowing it, until it is put in the laboratory for decomposition. Tokmo then conclusions about the safety of water can be extracted for the sake of drinking. Pumping turbid water is carried out by pumps in the course of 2 weeks
Well outside: upgrading the head
Apart from an impartial duty to protect water through debris, the head also makes an aesthetic function, hence its design is very different. It seems you come up with it - it depends only on the size of the fantasy. It's easier to just put the same concrete rings, having encased them from the outside with an artificial stone, plastering or covering with a bar. The design of the head is usually selected to the terrain of the site
However, you must eat incomparable moments that you should not miss:
Make a roof with a huge overhang in order to keep the water clean.
For the door in the roof, hang up the palace so that the inquisitive kids do not look in.
The gate, for who winds up the mountain with a bucket, must have O 20 cm and more.
If you insert the axes and the handle into the gate, then you need to install 2 washers through the handles, and one from the back side. They will not allow the gate to move and the building of the lifting parts will grow for a long time. Washers for both iron axes of the gate will save the design through displacements
And now, if you have sorted it out, it seems like a well is being properly made, it is allowed to try out the bait of knowledge in fact, and to a Happy New Year to amuse your relatives with savory water from your own source.
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