Grapes growing customer
Usually, grapes are grown in southern regions: here the plant does not need shelter during the winter period. For the south, the number is not always used. For example, in Central Asia and the Middle East, vines are simple for the surface of the earth. For the sake of America and Europe, unsupported stamping education is characteristic. Often in the Caucasus, as a support, a simple tree is used to support a simple tree, near which grape whips are located.
However, with the development of the technology of feeding this berries, as well as improving the methods of protection through frost, the plant began to intensively speak for the north. The supports, which help to preserve the grapes for the sake of abundant fruiting, were not superfluous. The principles of the construction of a supporting structure depend for several reasons. Naturally, such a young plant does not need tapestries, everything is planted, it should already exist, taking into account the fact that this design is enough space
In the book number through: planting patterns;
plant varieties;
technology used residue. If the grapes are planted for the first time for the site, it is completely free to extract stationary rows at once, it is quite enough to construct temporary supports. However, it is not recommended to tighten the installation of a fixed structure. For the third year through planting the plant is allowed to wait for the main collection. By this time and personally the bush is forced to exist, the whole is formed, and its root order achieves considerable dimensions. If the row starts to build in this interval, it can be badly seen for the plant.
We select a room for the sake of the vineyard
You should know that the tapestry is not a temporary building. It is installed for long and long years. Probably, the choice of a place near the vineyard should be approached with awe. Find a free area for the site, perfectly illuminated by the sun. The circle of supports must exist pointing in the direction of the server-south. This method allows you to keep the plant evenly illuminated for only a light day. This series is a brilliant example of how it is possible to extract an empty space between rows. You see, it's densely planted
Space between rows can not exist less than 2 meters. If part of the short and before us is the task like it is allowed to extract its entire place more effectively, it is permissible to extract row-spacing, for example, about planting vegetables. Here, the construction of a row in this case should be extracted from a single-plane structure.
Constructions of supports for the sake of a vine
There are a number of subsequent designs:
single-plane;
Two-plane
decorative.
The bushes can occupy a separate one at their own support or in the system, if fairly plants, are aimed at one support. It is allowed to construct fairly rows, but it should be kept in mind that in a row there should be bushes of a bit of 1st grade. Because of different grape varieties, different upbringing is often required, and it may be difficult to be close to planting. Apart from its main task - the support of vines, the trellis can perform decorative function. It decorates the part and creates a romantic atmosphere
Single-plane vertical trellis
One-plane this protection is called therefore, which plant, fixed for it, rather unfold in one plane. This visibility of tapestries is also different, which we will talk about little later. Any of the varieties of supports has its own merits. Outside they are pretty pillars, between which the wire is horizontally stretched. In order to design a single-plane trellis, you do not need to buy abundant materials. Only fairly poles and wires make reliable support
Advantages and design flaws
This is a relatively cheap building, which is easy to install. For her, the plant is well ventilated, nothing will prevent its pruning. Grapes placed in one plane, freely hide for the winter. And between rows of supports it is allowed to grow vegetables or flowers.
All the massive plants that have fairly sleeves to make in one plane are problematic: eat the risk that the planting will thicken. In addition, the site row does not allow the location of abundant vines.
Materials necessary for work
In order to design a series for the sake of grapes with their own hands, the following matter is useful: > poles;
wire.
Posts can exist from a variety of materials. For example, iron, reinforced concrete, wood. Through the length of the pillars depends on the future design. For the infield is good above the soil of 2 meters, but for practice there are a number of and in front of 3.5 meters. It is permissible to extract poles from various materials: for this purpose, metal, and wood, and concrete are suitable. Proudly, so that they are reliable, since the building is fairly operated indefinitely.
The wire is best extracted from zinc-coated steel, rather than copper or aluminum, as specifically copper and duralumin products in most cases become the prey of hunters because of metal in the winter period, if the owners do not live for the country.Construct a single-plane trellis
One-plane trellis should be built at intervals of 4-6 meters. Since the main load is rather necessary for the occurrence and end of the series, it is for the sake of these pillars that the strongest poles are chosen. Additional reliability will be provided by wire extensions or slopes that allow the load to be redistributed.
The columns in the row may be 7-10 cm in diameter, but the last supports are better to perform massively. Bury them in the ground for a depth of more than half a meter. If a tree is chosen as the material for the poles, the places of contact of the wood with the earth should be provided. For this purpose, a 3-5% solution of copper sulfate is used, in which the poles must be aged for 10 days. This will save your design through decay. <
Cultivation of poles with antiseptics or special impregnations is not recommended, since brutal waters can spoil the roots of grapes. If the poles are metallic, their lower part should be covered with bitumen, who protects the metal through corrosion. If we choose the height of the structure, we must take into account that for half a meter the pillars will be deepened into the earth, therefore their length should exist equal to or greater than 2, 5 m
Subsequent degree of work - wire drawing. If the rows are fairly fairly, the bottom is forced to occupy about 40cm across the ground. Bunches should not touch the ground, and near their weight the wire can deform, therefore the recommended interval should not be neglected. The subsequent system is allowed to pull for a distance of 35-40 cm through the preceding one. Often, summer residents are limited to 3 rows, although a trellis with 4 or 5 rows is considered more efficient.
The wire must be secured, for example, more reliable. Depending on the material of the poles, for this purpose, rings of wire, nails or staples of metal are suitable. Some aspects of the construction of a single-plane support can be found from the video:
Разновидности одноплоскостных шпалер
Разглядим некоторое количество видов опор, дабы избрать ту, которая нормально подойдет конкретно ради вашего хозяйства.
Дозволено исполнять вариация с двойной проволокой. Отличительной особенностью этой конструкции является метод крепления проволоки. Для последних столбах крепят поперечины, промеж которыми и натягивают проволоку. Таким макаром, повдоль одной плоскости создаётся коридор, проволока в каком натянута и справа, и слева.Here it is unreasonably schematically allowed to represent the construction of a single-plane series with a visor. The presence of the visor allows you to increase the useful support position without raising its height.
Again, the variant is a trellis with a visor. Vertical trellis gets a continuation, directed to the side. For him stretched accurately pretty wires. Thanks to this design, the right place, ventilation and lighting can increase, and upbringing of grapes becomes easier. Tapestry with double wire, like and no matter what other structure also has its own supporters. The selection of the support model is always dependent on certain criteria for its next operation
Also popular is the T-shaped sample. The height of the supports for the sake of this model does not exceed 150 cm. The wire for them is fixed in pairs: two rows for the upper protrusions, the row on the right and left with a distance of 50 cm and two rows for the lower ones, also 25 cm at the edges. Advantages of the model consists in the fact that young shoots do not have to be tied up: they are inside the corridor and without the help of others they cling to the support.
And finally, the final variation is a trellis with a hanging gain. To be of this design the garter of the stem is made to the supports. The benefit is hanging down. The use is for the top platform with several rows of wire horizontally located
Like to anticipate the protection of the cover species?
If the vine is hidden for the winter, then it is ideal to extract the tunnel method. For this, a protective film or roofing felt is transferred through the lower wire, forming typical protective niches. One-plane structures are used mainly for the sake of concealed types of grapes, as to cover the vine for such trellis quite easily in a tunnel way
If you plan to hide grapes using slate or boxes, it is better to move the posts first relative to the base of the vine for 40 cm. And then the roots will be less affected by digging holes near the pillars, and hiding plants is much easier.
Two-Plane in criss-cross trellis
In two planes the support for the sake of the vine is also allowed to be installed by different methods. In order to carry out a suitable support for the sake of country grapes with their own hands, one must possess a view of all possible probable variants in order to select the chosen one later. This is a two-plane trellis, which is created for unguarded grapes and allows to grow quite a lot of fruit plants.
Varieties of two-plane tapestries
Supports in two planes are:
Direct. The amount of construction includes two parallel planes, located close together.
V-shaped. The same two planes are arranged obliquely - near the angle well-wisher to a friend.
Y-shaped. The lower part of the structure is one wit, and then the plane spreads around the angle of 45-60 degrees well-wisher to a friend.
Y-shaped with a gain who hangs down. The structure is similar to a single-plane specimen with a visor, there are visors on each of the planes, they are oriented to the sides opposite to the central axis. The base of the structure is Y-shaped.
Due to the stronger design for such supports, it is possible to be able to bring up varieties with active growth. As a result, the yield per unit area is increasing. The structure allows the clusters to be in shelter and not to suffer through direct sun rays or through the wind.